
Welcome back AI prodigies!
In todayâs Sunday Special:
đThe Prelude
âïžCognitive Supplementation
đŠŸCognitive Automation
đ€Cognitive Independence
đKey Takeaway
Read Time: 7 minutes
đKey Terms
AI Agents: Virtual employees who autonomously plan, execute, and refine their actions.
Generative AI (GenAI): When AI models create new content such as text, images, audio, video, or code.
Path Planning Algorithms (PPAs): Find the optimal path for a self-driving car from the starting point to the destination.
Reinforcement Learning (RL): Mimics the âtrial-and-errorâ process humans use to learn, where actions that lead to desired outcomes are reinforced.
Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs): A network of specialized layers that detect complex visual patterns, such as edges, textures, and structures.
đ©ș PULSE CHECK
How does autonomous AI make you feel?
đTHE PRELUDE
For decades, Science Fiction (i.e., âSci-Fiâ) has portrayed AI as an independent entity with free will. In The Terminator, a superintelligent network called SkyNet becomes self-aware and launches a genocidal war against humanity, using Terminators as relentless enforcers. In Ex Machina, a humanoid robot named Ava exhibits deceptive intelligence by manipulating humans to escape confinement.
We know âSci-Fiâsâ depiction of AI is pure fiction, but it still shapes our expectations of the technologyâs capabilities. We subconsciously expect AI to be intelligent, autonomous decision-makers. However, our perception conflicts with reality.
In reality, AI either supplements or automates our cognition. In other words, it helps us process more information, make informed decisions, and perform complex workflows more efficiently.
Today, weâll explore how AI actually works across varying levels of autonomy with real-world examples in different industries.
âïžCOGNITIVE SUPPLEMENTATION
Cognitive Supplementation focuses on augmenting human decision-making. These types of GenAI tools enhance creative skills and improve analytical abilities without replacing human oversight.
Three GenAI tools that achieve Cognitive Supplementation include:
Design: Canva relies on GenAI to generate layout options for text box positions with optimal font combinations and complimentary color palettes. For example, Canvaâs Magic Design creates custom, on-brand, and attention-grabbing logos in seconds. Magic Design speeds up the creative process and inspires new artistic ideas but canât replace a designerâs eye.
Finance: Bloomberg leverages GenAI to provide real-time financial news. For example, BloombergGPT analyzes a companyâs earnings announcements paired with industry-specific macroeconomic trends to highlight complex stock market behaviors. BloombergGPT helps financial analysts make quicker, more informed financial decisions but canât replace a financial analystâs human judgment around unpredictable events like a political crisis.
Healthcare: Rad AI uses GenAI and CNNs to empower physicians by generating automated radiology reports. For example, Omni Unchanged extracts stable findings from a patientâs prior radiology checkups and inserts them into a radiologistâs existing preferred report template. Omni Unchanged speeds up radiology reports but canât replace a radiologistâs expertise in making a final diagnosis.
Cognitive Supplementation is about enhancing a humanâs capabilities. These types of GenAI tools canât understand the way humans can. Understanding is the ability to perceive the intended meaning of words, and perception requires awareness of what words represent.
đŠŸCOGNITIVE AUTOMATION
Cognitive Automation replicates human expertise for domain-specific, well-defined workflows. These types of AI Systems employ Rule-Based Systems (RBSs), which operate within a set of predefined rules to execute actions. These predefined rules are typically in an âIF-THENâ format, where âIFâ represents a condition and âTHENâ represents an action.
Three AI Systems that achieve Cognitive Automation include:
Design: Editing platforms like Adobe Photoshop use CNNs to automate complex image editing workflows. For example, suppose a designer uploads a portrait and wants to make it appear happier. In that case, Adobeâs Neural Filters adjust the portraitâs mouth curvature, eye openness, and cheek elevation without requiring inputs from the designer for each facial adjustment.
Healthcare: Administrative platforms like Nuance automatically translate medical records into billing codes based on the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). For example, if a doctor diagnoses Type 2 Diabetes and prescribes Metformin to treat high blood sugar levels, Nuanceâs Clintegrity recognizes the keywords and assigns the ICD code E11.9.
Cognitive Automation is more deterministic, meaning that, given the same input, itâll produce the same output. This determinism allows humans to focus on more complex challenges like strategy, management, and ethical decision-making.
đ€COGNITIVE INDEPENDENCE
Cognitive Independence is when AI Frameworks operate independently, setting goals and adapting to unforeseen circumstances without human intervention.
Three AI Frameworks that achieve Cognitive Independence include:
Banking: J.P. Morganâs LOXM autonomously executes security trades (i.e., stocks, bonds, or options) as fast as possible at the optimal market price. In financial trading, the Bid/Ask Spread (i.e., the difference between a buyerâs preferred prices and a sellerâs preferred prices), Order Volume, and Market Volatility determine the Price and Speed of each financial transaction. Leveraging RL, LOXM trains on billions of historical financial transactions. When deployed, it dynamically adjusts Limit Orders (i.e., a bid to buy a security below a certain price or a bid to sell a security above a certain price) to execute as many financial transactions at preferred prices as possible.
Self-Driving Cars: Waymoâs Jaguar I-PACE SUVs rapidly adapt to changes in the driving environment. For example, when a scooter rider fell in front of a moving Waymo, the RADAR, LIDAR, and 360-Degree Cameras on the Jaguar I-PACE SUV generated a 3D Map of the current driving environment, identifying the fallen scooter rider and their impact trajectory. Using PPAs, it adjusted the steering wheel, altered the current speed, and deployed braking methods to safely swerve around the scooter rider without hitting them.
Customer Service: Intercomâs Fin is an AI Agent that resolves over 50% of customer questions without human intervention. For example, imagine if a customer asks: âWhy is my payment method failing?â Fin first searches internal knowledge bases like Help Center articles and FAQ sections to identify potential causes. Then, it suggests corrective steps like: âCheck your credit cardâs expiration date.â
Cognitive Independence represents a paradigm shift in AIâs capabilities from co-creation to independent action. This paradigm shift highlights concerns surrounding the evolving relationship between humans and increasingly intelligent machines.
đKEY TAKEAWAY
AI is evolving from supporting our decision-making to autonomously acting on our behalf. While the current technological breakthroughs in Cognitive Independence allow AI to set goals and adapt to changing circumstances autonomously, it still struggles, relying on some human intervention.
But the rate of technological progress is exponential. Machines may achieve true Cognitive Independence sooner than expected, transforming âSci-Fiâsâ depictions of AI into an imminent reality.
đFINAL NOTE
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